Rule-1: যদি Affirmative Sentence কে Negative (without changing meaning) করতে বলা হয় তবে তাকে Negative করতে -
(1) সাহায্যকারী Verb +not বসবে।
(i) Adjective/ Verb এর বিপরীত শব্দ বসবে।
Examples:
Affirmative: Man is mortal.
Negative: Man is not immortal.
Affirmative: Jerry was an honest boy.
Negative: Jerry was not a dishonest boy.
Affirmative: He disagreed with me.
Negative: He did not agree with me.
Affirmative: It was a phantom ship.
Negative: It was not a real ship.
Affirmative: He was a clever boy.
Negative: He was not a foolish boy.
Rule-2: যদি কোন Negative Sentence কে Affirmative করতে বলা হয় তবে not উঠে যাবে এবং Adjective/ Verb এর বিপরীত শব্দ বসবে।
Examples:
Negative: Karim did not like summer.
Affirmative: Karim disliked summer?
Negative: I was not well.
Affirmative: I was sick.
Negative: This was not an ordinary ship.
Affirmative: This was a phantom ship.
Rule-3 (A) : যদি Sentence এ everybody, everyone, every other, every sister ইত্যাদি থাকে তবে Negative করতে -
(i) There is no + Every এর পরের অংশ বসবে
(ii) But + verb যে অবস্থায় আছে + অন্যান্য অংশ- বসবে।
Affirmative: Every mother loves her child.
Negative: There is no mother but loves her child.
Affirmative: Everybody hankers after happiness.
Negative: There is nobody but hankers after happiness.
Rule-4 (A): যদি কোন Sentence এ always থাকে এবং Negative করতে বলা হয়, তবে always উঠে যাবে এবং never বসবে।
Adjective/ Verb এর বিপরীত শব্দ বসবে।
Examples:
Affirmative: Jim was always punctual
Negative: Jim was never late.
Affirmative: I always agreed with him.
Negative: I never disagreed with him.
Affirmative: Going abroad is always pleasant.
Negative: Going abroad is never unpleasant.
Rule-4 (B) : যদি কোন Negative Sentence এ never থাকে এবং তাকে Affirmative করতে বলা হয় তবে never উঠে যেয়ে always বসবে এবং Adjective/ Verb এর বিপরীত শব্দ বসবে।
Examples:
Negative: Karim is never late in his office.
Affirmative: Karim is always punctual in his office.
Negative: I shall never forget your advice.
Affirmative: I shall never remember your advice.
Negative: Shima is never late in her class.
Affirmative: Shima is always punctual in her class.
Rule-5 (A): যদি Only দ্বারা Affirmative Sentence থাকে এবং Only কোন মানুষ বা সৃষ্টিকর্তার পূর্বে থাকে তবে Negative করতে Only উঠে যেয়ে None but বসবে।
Examples:
Affirmative: Only God can help us.
Negative: None but God can help us.
Affirmative: Only the graduate should apply for the post.
Negative: None but the graduate should apply for the post.
Affirmative: He was only the man that was alive in the sea.
Negative: He was none but the man that was alive in the sea.
Rule-5 (B) : যদি Only দ্বারা Affirmative Sentence থাকে এবং Only কোন মানুষের বয়সের সামনে থাকে তবে Negative করতে only উঠে যেয়ে Not more than বসবে।
Examples:
Affirmative: Jim was only twenty two.
Negative: Jim was not more than twenty two.
Affirmative: I am only thirty.
Negative: I am not more than thirty.
Rule-5 (C) : যদি Only দ্বারা Affirmative Sentence থাকে এবং Only কোন বস্তুর বা জিনিসের পূর্বে থাকে তবে Negative করতে Only উঠে যেয়ে Nothing but বসবে।
Examples:
Affirmative: He bought only a pen from the new market.
Negative: He bought nothing but a pen from the new market.
Affirmative: Helal took only a book from me.
Negative: Helal took nothing but a book from me.
Rule-6 (A) : যদি Affirmative Sentence এ must থাকে তবে Negative করতে must উঠে যেয়ে can not but বসবে।
আবার যদি Negative Sentence এ can not but থাকে তবে Affirmative করতে can not but উঠে যেয়ে must বসবে।
Examples:
Affirmative: Keya must help you.
Negative: Keya can not but help you.
Negative: He can not but do it.
Affirmative: He must do it.
Negative: I can not but shed tears at the sight.
Affirmative: I must shed tears at the sight.
Affirmative: You must tell the truth.
Negative: You can not but tell the truth.
Rule-6 (B) : যদি too ...... to দ্বারা Affirmative Sentence থাকে তবে Negative করতে So that বসিয়ে কাজ করতে হবে।
(i) too উঠে যেয়ে so বসবে।
(ii) Adjective এর পর that বসবে।
(iii) that এর পর ১ম Subject এর সাপেক্ষে একটি নতুন Subject ধরে নিতে হবে এবং that এর সামনে Present Tense থাকলে ২য় Subject এর পর cannot এবং Past Tense থাকলে could not বসবে।
(iv) Verb-এর Present form বসবে।
Examples:
Affirmative: He is too weak to walk.
Negative: He is so weak that he can not walk.
Affirmative: Nira was too honest to take bribe.
Negative: Nira was so honest that she could not take bribe.
Note : Too + Adjective-এর পর for + objective form থাকে তবে that এর পর object form কে Subject হিসেবে ধরে নিতে হবে।
Example:
Affirmative: The day is too hot for me to go out.
Negative: The day is so hot that I can not go out.
Rule-6 (C) : যদি As soon as দ্বারা Affirmative Sentence থাকে তবে Negative করতে-
(i) No sooner + had + sub + Past Participle form বসবে।
(ii) than + past Ind বসবে।
Examples:
Affirmative: As soon as he saw me, he ran away.
Negative: No sooner had he seen me than he ran away.
Affirmative: As soon as he reached the station, the train left.
Negative: No sooner had he reached the station than the train left.
Note : No sooner দ্বারা Negative form থাকে তবে Affirmative করতে As soon as দ্বারা কাজ করতে হবে।
Example:
Negative: No sooner had he reached the college than the bell rang.
Affirmative: As soon as he reached the college, the bell rang.
❒❒ Transformation of Sentences-এর ওপর আপনার পছন্দের পোস্ট/আর্টিকেল পড়তে নিচের লিংকে ক্লিক করুন/প্রবেশ করুন:
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