✏️ USING NOUN CLAUSE -
Noun Clause generally starts with that, what, how, when, why, whether, where, who, if, etc.
1. I saw a boy. He was poor. He was begging from door to door.
= I saw that a poor was begging from door to door.
2. The work was hard. He did it. It was known to all.
= That he did the hard work was known to all.
3. He wants something. You can give him that. I know this.
= I know that you can give him what he wants.
4. He will leave for Dhaka. You know the time. It is clear to me.
= It is clear to me that you know when he will leave for Dhaka.
5. He was in the garden. He was plucking flowers there. A snake bit him.
= A snake bit him when he was plucking flowers in the garden.
6. I offered him a proposal. He could not accept it. I did not know why.
= I did not know why he could not accept my proposal
7. Somebody told me the matter. It was interesting. I forgot the person
= I forgot who told me the interesting matter.
✏️ USING ADJECTIVE CLAUSE -
Adjective Clause usually starts with who, which, that, whom, of which, (relative adverb) why, where, when, how, as, etc.
1. Jerry was an orphan. He was poor. He was large hearted.
= Jerry who was a poor orphan was large hearted.
2. He went to Mr. Khan. He is a doctor. He is very renowned
3. The porter was young. He was a bachelor. He lived in the city of Bagdad.
= The porter who was a young bachelor lived in the city of Bagdad.
4. The boy was poor. His father died in an accident. He could not continue his studies.
= The poor boy whose father died in an accident could not continue his studies.
5. This is the building. Its roof was repaired. It was not suitable to live in.
= The building whose roof was repaired was not suitable to live in.
6. I met a man in the bus. He is a teacher. He is very leamed.
= The man whom I met yesterday in the bus is a very learned teacher.
7. The writer took a cabin. It was small. It belonged to the orphanage.
= The writer took a small cabin which belonged to the orphanage.
8. Mecca is a place. It is a holy place. Hazrat Mohammed (Sm.) was born there.
= Mecca is the holy place where Hazrat Mohammed (Sm.) was born.
9. It was 1971. Bangladesh became independent. She lost many of her sons
= It was 1971 when Bangladesh became independent losing many of her sons
10. He came to me. He had some reasons. I did not know them.
= I did not know the reasons why he came to me.
✏️ USING ADVERBIAL CLAUSE -
Adverbial Clause starts with: as soon as, as, before, after, since the sooner, till, until, when, while, whence, no sooner than, scarcely-when, hardly when, where, wherever, for, because, that, even, if, whether, unless, but, otherwise, provided, suppose, as.as, so..as, the same,.as, so that, in order that, lest, though, although whatever, whoever, whichever .....etc.
1. I was in danger. He did not help me. I hate him
= I hate him because he did not help me when I was in danger.
2. He was brilliant. He went to London. He wanted to get higher education.
= Since/as he was brilliant, he went to London to get higher education.
3. The old sailor saw the watersnakes. They were beautiful. He felt a great love for them.
= When the old sailor saw the beautiful watersnakes, he felt a great love for them .
4. The boy was talking in the class. The teacher heard this. The teacher advised him to be quiet.
= When the teacher heard the boy talking in the class, he advised him to be quiet.
5. We started for Dhaka. It was 8 am . He had arrived at home.
= We started for Dhaka at 8 am . after he had arrived at home.
6. They faced a problem It was very difficult, They could not solve it They faced so difficult a problem that they could not solve it.
7. A wind blows it is very bitter. The orphanage boys get their fingers stiff.
= A wind blows so bitterly that the orphanage boys get their fingers stiff.
8. The witer was poor, He entertained the lady at Foyot's. The lady flattered the writer.
= Though the writer was poor, he entertained the lady at Foyot's for her flattery.
9. They sat under a tree. They took rest. They wanted to remove their tiredness.
= They sat under a tree so that they could remove their tiredness by taking rest.
EXERCISE
Combine the following Simple Sentences into one Complex Sentence by using Noun Clause:
1. They saw the porter. He was drunken. He was sleeping on the road.
2. He was reading a novel. It was written by Dickens. He told me this.
3. The boys were on the road. They were playing there. Then an accident took place
4. I was at my table. I was drawing a picture. At that time he knocked at the door.
5. There arose a problem, It was difficult. We are unable to solve it.
6. Someday he would succeed. It was his belief. It made us all laugh.
7. He went to a shop. He bought something. It was not attractive.
8. There was a magic show in our college. A magician showed us something. It was unbelievable,
9. Somebody did the work. The work was difficult. It was known to me.
Combine the following Simple Sentences into one Complex Sentence by using Adjective Clause:
1. The boy had been reading a book all day long. It was a novel. He grew tired.
2. It was evening. I saw a man. He was walking along the road.
3. Mr. Rahim is our headmaster. He is very learned. He teaches us English
4. They made a picnic, The spot was Sonargaon. Once it was the capital of Bengal
5. Foyot's is a restaurant. It is very costly. The French senators eat there.
Combine the following Simple Sentences into one Complex Sentence by using adverbial clause:
1. The sailor sat on a stone out side the church. He watched the people. They were walking past him.
2. The ship came nearer. They saw it. There were no crew on board the ship.
3. The bill of fare was brought. was startled. The prices were higher.
4. The weather was cold. The place was snow covered. There were no animals.
5. The examination was over. He was happy. He went to Chittagong. He visited his friend.
6. Foyot's is a restaurant. It is very expensive. The writer did not think of going there.
7. I took the cabin. I wanted a man. He would chop my wood. 8. He started earlier. He could not get the train. He walked slowly.
9. Jim and Della were poor. They sacrificed their dearest possessions. They proved their love.
10. He used a microphone. He spoke loudly. He wanted the audience to hear him.
MISCELLANEOUS
Combine the following Simple Sentences into one Complex Sentence:
1. Ha father died I heard the news I went to his residence. I condoled him
2 He sent to his friend a box. It contained a stone. He wanted to reach him a good lesson.
3 The lady wrote a letter to the writer. It was full of praise. She wanted to exploit him.
4. He was happy. He saw me. He told me this.
5. James Norman Hall was a writer. He was an American He wrote a story about a strange piece of business. It took place between him and a farmer.
6. The writer came back. He tried desperately to tempt the monkey. It was becoming thinner day by day
7. Orpheus touched the strings of his lyre. All men listened to him.They were spell-bound
8. The nurse agreed to open the door. The Creator wrote something on the child's forehead. He promised to tell her that
9. The Banglees made a struggle for independence against Pakistani. It was a bare handed struggle. The struggle was made in 1971. It won the sympathy and support of the world for the cause of Bangladesh.
10. Abraham Lincoln was a partriot. He wanted to relieve the misery of the people. He wanted to do it by abolishing slavery and drinking
11. The lady was clever. She read one of the books of the writer. She praised the book. She wrote a letter to him.
12. Jim and Della had a poor flat. There was a letter box in the vestibule below. No letter would go into it.
13. The porter went to the door. The door was magniticient. Some letters were inscribed on the door. These letters were in gold. He read them.
14. The traveller saw a bear, It was advancing towards him. He climbed on a tree. The tree was high. He wanted to save his life.
15. He came to me. It was dark night. He told me a story. It was about his imaginary mother. The mother lives in Mannville.
16. It was a long distance: They had crossed it. They came near a jungle. It was full of wild animals. The jungle was not far from the locality
17. I went to the airport. My object was to see my brother off. He was leaving for Japan Japan is a rich country.
18. I have taken a decision. I shall set up a hospital. I want to give treatment to the poor. The treatment will be free.
19. There was an advertisement. I had seen it. It was published in the "Daily Ittefaq". It was on 10 June 1996. The advertisement was about an appointment in the post of a lecturer in Dhaka City college.
20. We held a seminar. It was held in Osmani Auditorium. The seminar was on "Population Problem". Principal Ibrahim Khan presided over the seminar. He is a well-known educationist.
21. The man was drowning. We made efforts. We could not save him.
22. I was in troubles. He heard of them. He came to me. He brought money for me. He wanted to help me.
23. He had bad habits. He was hated by the hotel manager. He left the hotel. He took his bag and baggage.
24. They were defeated by the enemies. They left the battle field. They did not kill any time. They did so to save their lives.
25. The tornado affected the people. The people were waiting for food and building materials. The tornado with a speed of 200 kilometres per hour blow of their houses. it damaged their foods. The foods were stored in the houses
26. There was a statue, It was made of bronze. It was raised on a column in the public square. It upheld the scales of justice in its left hands It delivered even handed justice.
27. There was a news. It was about a tomado. The tornado was devastating. It ripped through northem Bangladesh. It caused tragic loss of life. The news has been received with immense grief in Japan.
28. The university was closed. There was violence in the campus. One student was killed. Many were injured.
29. I went to the book fair, I bought a book. It was very interesting.
30. The boy was poor. His father died in an accident. He could not "continue his studies.
31. Somebody told me the matter. It was interesting. I forgot the person
32. I read a poem. It was written by Shakespeare. It was a short poem. It gave me much pleasure.
33 It was early in the morning. They started their joumey. They were going to Dhaka
34. An old man was walking slowly along a street. He saw a little boy. He was trying to reach a door bell to push it.
35. Hamlet was the young prince of Denmark. He heard the news of his father's murder. He pretended madness to take revenge.
36. The boy was talking in the class. The teacher heard this. The teacher advised him to be quiet.
37. I was ill. He heard of it. He at once went to the doctor. He did not await instruction from me.
38. He gave me a book. It was about birds, The birds are migratory in nature. They come to our country during winter.
39. Our journey ended. We were very pleased. We saw our friends They were waiting at the station
40. The rain stopped. We continued the match We played till the sun set.
41. It was my birthday. My uncle gave me a camera, It was expensive I was very pleased
42. I stood first. He heard the news. He at once came to my house. His object was to congratulate me.
43. Yoy may like it. You may not like it. I shall give you good advice. It is my duty to do so.
44. He had read Homer. He had read it in English Translation. He had read it when he was only fifteen.
45. The prince was ill. The people heard it, They crowded the palace.
46. I heard Sumana. She was singing a song, It was a folk song.
47. Our sons are valiant, They laid down their lives for the cause of our mother tongue. We remember them with respect.
48. He could not eat hard food. He was very old, He had lost his teeth.
49. He saw a snake. He took a careful aim, He killed it. He struck only once.
50. The bell rang. The boys came out. They felt great joy.
51. I heard the news. I went to the hospital. The hospital is not far from my house.
52. There was a gentleman. He lived in a village. He had three sons. They always quarrelled with one another.
53. The boy passed the S. S.C. He came to Dhaka. He got himself admitted into a college, The college is famous.
54. He is rich. I was in difficulty. He did not help me.
55. I was returning home. I saw a man. He looked very happy. He was singing a song sitting under a tree.
56 James Norman Hall is an American writer. He wrote a story book. It was about a strange piece of business. The business took place between him and a farmer.
57. Michael was a poor boy. He lived in the lake district of England. He used to do hard work
58. It was twenty years ago. The writer lived in Paris. He had a tiny apartment 59. Abu was a poor boy. He was fifteen. He used to do nothing. He spent his time in idleness.
60. The woman had only one son. She lost her son. She was at a loss.
61. Rimi refused to sing. She refused to dance. Can you tell me the reason?
62. Rana lives in Barisal. He attends a public school. He is in class V.
63. I was walking home. I saw bear. It looked furious. It was just in front of me.
64. The criminal saw the police. He ran away. He escaped artest.
65. The girl stood before a glass. It was very big. She looked at her own reflection.
66. It was morning. The boy went to a field. It was open. He took exercise there.
67. I heard Suman. He was calling me. He was shouting loudly.
68. The University was closed. There was violence in the campus. One student was killed.
69. It was winter vacation. I went to my village. I wanted to look after my parents. They are old.
70. The sun was setting. The prince proceeded to the main gate. The main gate led in to this place.
71. He keeps some dogs. The dogs are well-trained. They will guard his home. They will keep away robbers.
