The second type of sentence is the compound sentence.
Compound sentence is composed of two simple sentences joined together by a comma and a joining word (coordinating conjunction).
We could also describe a compound sentence as two independent clauses joined by a conjunction.
Clause are groups of words that form sentences. A clause must contain a and a verb.
There are two types of clauses:
⚪ independent clause - expresses a complete idea, i.e a sentence, and makes sense all by itself.
⚪dependent/subordinate clause - does not express a complete idea, it is a part
sentence, and does not make sense by itself).
Subordinate clauses begin with a subordinating conjunction, e.g who, when,
while, that, because, since, although.
Example:
The company grew quickly while the economy was good.
In this sentence-
The company grew quickly - independent clause
while the economy was good - dependent clause with subordinating conjunction.
Defining Relative clauses
The clause is used to define or qualify the independent clause. This means that if the clause is removed, the meaning of the sentence is not clear.
Example:
The students who have studied Chemistry in year 12 will find this subject easy.
relative clause
Example:
The students who have studied Chemistry in year 12 will find this subject easy.
relative clause
The students will find this subject easy. Which students?
We need to know ‘which students‘ will find the subject easy. This is only relative to those students.
A lecture that you have not prepared for will be more difficult to understand.
relative clause
A lecture that you have not prepared for will be more difficult to understand.
relative clause
A lecture will be more difficult to understand. Why for whom?
We need to know ‘why and for whom’ it will be more difficult to understand.
This is only relative to this kind of person and situation. ‘A lecture’ becomes
too general.
Non-defining relative clauses
Some relative clauses are non-defining. This means that the clause is only used to add extra information to the independent clause.
If the relative clause is removed, the sentence still makes sense on its own. Non-defining relative clauses are inserted between commas.
Minds maps, or memory maps, which help you learn keypoints and minor points, are a good way to revise topics.
" Minds maps, or memory maps, are a good way to revise topics", The meaning is still clear.
🔷 Independent clauses - these can stand alone as a sentence by themselves.
🔷 Dependent clauses - these make no sense by themselves.
Example:
Even though the train was late, I got to the exam on time.
I got to the exam on time, even though the train was late.
Here,
I got to the exam on time - independent clause
even though the train was late - subordinate clause
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