Changing Voice , Part 01

Changing Voice: Active to Passive

Voice is the form of a verb which shows whether the subject of the verb acts or is acted upon.

 

Voice of a verb is of two types -

1. Active voice 

2. Passive voice

When the subject acts itself  then the verb is of active voice 

and 

when the priority of the object prevails upon the subject it is passive voice.

Active- He caught a bird.
Passive- A bird was caught by him.

Active- I do it.
Passive- It is done by me.

Common rules for changing voice

(changing voice from active to passive in all the tenses.)

Active- We buy the novels.
Passive- The novels are bought by us.

i. The object in the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice. 

(the novels has become subject in the passive voice)

ii. Preposition by is used before the object in the passive voice. ( by has been used before us)

iii. The verb is always in the past participle form in the passive voice and auxiliary verb is used before the verb according to the tense of the verb. ( bought is the past participle form of buy )

📝 Changing voice from active to passive in the interrogative sentence:
Active- Do l play football ?  
Passive- ls football played by me?

Changing of Voice of Present Indefinite Tense

Structure: Subject (Object of active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice) + am/is/are + past participle form of verb + by + Object (subject of active voice becomes the object in the passive voice)

Active- l read a book.
Passive- A book is read by me.

Active- You see a bird.
Passive- A bird is seen by you. 

Activc- He catches birds.
Passive- Birds are caught by him.

Active- Do I eat rice?
Passive- ls rice eaten by me ?

Active- Does he love you?
Passive- Are you loved by him ?

Active- We do not play football.
Passive- Football is not played by us. 

Active- What do you want ?
Passive- What is wanted by you ?


👉 When there are two objects in an active voice , any object can be taken as subject in the passive voice and the non-taken object is called a retained object.

Active: He gives me a book.
Passive:  A book is given to me by him . 

(here me is retained object)
or, I am given a book by him.
👉 Here me is indirect object and a book in direct object, to is used before indirect object in the passive voice.


subject - object
I -          me
we -     us
he -       him
she -     her
you -     you
they -   them
it -         it
David -   David



Active- Very few of us appreciate the value of time.
Passive- The value of time is appreciated by very few of us. 

Active- A brave man does his duty.
Passive- His duty is done by a brave man.

Activeve- l see him come.
Pasive- He is seen to come by me.

Actlve- He minds his own business and fears nobody.
Passive- His own business is minded and nobod is feared by him


Sometimes by + object is not expressed, it is to be understood.
Active- We observe it.
Pusive- It is observed.

📝 Changing of Voice of Present Continuous Tense

Structure: Subject (Object of active voice becomes subject in passive voice) + am/is/are +being + past participle form of verb + by + Object (subject of active voice becomes object in passive voice)

Active- l am eating some mangoes.
Passive- Some mangoes are being eaten by me.

Active- ls he catching a fish?
Passive- ls a fish being caught by him?

Active- Are you not writing a letter?
Passive- Is not a letter being written by you?

Active- They are reading the book with great attention.
Passive- The book is being read with great attention by them.

Active- We are giving the beggar aims.
Passive- The beggar is being given alrns by us.

Active- He is making tea-
Passive- Tea is being made by him.

📝 Changing of Voice of Present Perfect Tense

Structure: Subject (Object of active voice becomes subject in passive voice) + have been/has been + past participle form of verb + by + Object (subject of active voice becomes object in passive voice)

Active- God has created the earth
Passive- The earth has been created by God.

Active- l have not seen the moon.
Passive- The moon has not been seen by me.

Active- Has he killed the tiger ?
Passive- Has the tiger been illed by him ?

Active-Have you not read the letter?
Passive- I-las not the letter been read by you ?

Active- Worms have eaten into the boo .
Passive- The book has been eaten into by worms.

Active- Reading has made him a learned man.
Passive- He has been made a learned man by reading.

◻️ Changing of Voice of Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Structure: Subject (Object of active voice becomes subject in passive voice) + have been being/ has been being + past participle form of verb + by + Object (subject of active voice becomes object in passive voice)

Active - I have been writing this post for two hours.
Passive- This post has been being written by me for two hours.

Active- They have been building the wall for two months.
Passive- The wall has been being built by them for two months.