Examples:
If you practise everyday, you will learn to speak better.
If you are trying for a good job, you must know English.
These are coditional sentences.
Probable conditional sentences have the probability of fulfilling the condition in the sentence, hence some structures are being followed-
➤ If + Present Tense + Future Tense
If you study hard, you will pass.
If you think carefully, your idea will be developed.
➤ If + present + present ( in case of scietific truth, habitual action or automatic result)
If you read a lot, you learn a lot.
If you come late, you miss the train.
We are going to play if it does not rain.
If the students respect their teachers, they love them most.
➤ If + present continuous -
If you are suffering from fever, you had better/ should consult a doctor.
➤ If + present perfect
If you have studied well, you will cut agood figure in the exam.
If father has brought a Laptop here, I will be happy.
➤ Improbable conditional sentence :
If I were you, I would donate 5 lakh taka. ( but I am not you.)
➤ Impossible conditional sentence :
➤ Impossible conditional sentence :
If I had known that you were ill, I would have met you. ( but now you are sound and now I can't meet you in your illness.)
So in most cases the condition is introduced by If
Some basic structures regarding conditional sentences :
So in most cases the condition is introduced by If
Some basic structures regarding conditional sentences :
a) If + present + future
b) If + past + future in the past (would)
c) If + past perfect + future perfect in the past
d) If + present perfect + future/present.
If can be at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence:
a. If you come by train, it will be cheaper.
b. You will miss the train if you do not come early.
c. Eat something if you are hungry.
d. It will be comfortable if you come by train.
e. What will you do if you fail to get the job ?
f. How will you go if you miss the last train?
g. Where will they go if they lose their paternal homestead?
Now we study the structures -
i. If + present + present
a. If you read a lot, you learn a lot.
b. If you come late, you miss the train.
c. We are going to play if it does not rain.
d. If the students respect their teachers, they love them most.
ii. If + Present + Future:
a. If you come, I shall go.
b. If you read regularly, you will do well in the examination.
c. If you earn much, you will become rich.
d. If he is late, he will miss the train.
iii. If + Past + Future in the past
a. If you studied attentively, you would not fail in the examination.
b. If you lived in America, you would spea English.
c. If you worked hard, you could shine in life.
d. If I had enough money, I could set up a hospital.
e. If you tried, you could do it.
(iv) If/When + present perfect + future
a. If you have finished the work, you will get a prize.
b. If you have written the letter, I shall post it.
c. When you have finished your lesson, you can take rest.
Imperative sentence and If:
a. Put the television off if ther is no interesting programme.
b. Read the lesson attentively if you want to learn well.
c. Go to school if it doesn't rain.
d. If I am late this afternoon, don't wait for me.
e. Start now if you want to reach before sunset.
f. Eat a balanced diet if you want to possess good health.
In conversation, we often use If + part of the sentence.
Are you going to the circus ?
Yes, if I get the ticket.
Conditional Sentence & 'Modals':
(a) You can stay if you want.
(b) You must read well if you want to pass well.
(c) You ought to respect your parents if you want to prosper in life.
(d) I am going to the function if I can get a ticket.
(e) We can go to the sea beach if the weather is fine.
(f) If you are looking for him, you had better go to his office.
Conditional Perfect:
I would have helped you if you had asked me for help.
If you had informed me, I would have gone to see you.
Structure :
If + past perfect in the conditional clause.
would have + past participle in the main clause.
Note:
would have + past participle in the main clause.
Note:
Here subordinate clause is conditional. If may be replaced by had:
If I had learnt the lesson well, I would have answered the question.
Had I learnt the lesson well, I would have answered the question.
If I had learnt the lesson well, I would have answered the question.
Had I learnt the lesson well, I would have answered the question.
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