Showing posts with label Tense ◻️ āĻ•াāϞ. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Tense ◻️ āĻ•াāϞ. Show all posts

Tense

In English Grammar Tense is used to refer to time of an action or event.

Tense is the concept of time which may be present, past or future.

āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāύেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻ•ে tense āĻŦা āĻ•াāϞ āĻŦāϞে। Tense āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻ•ে āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āϝা āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύ, āĻ…āϤীāϤ āĻ•িংāĻŦা āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।

Example:- I eat rice. (present)
- I ate rice. (past)
- I will eat rice. (future)

āĻāĻ–াāύে āωāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āĻ—ুāϞোāϤে āϝāĻĨাāĻ•্āϰāĻŽে āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύ, āĻ…āϤীāϤ āĻ“ āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ•াāϜেāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻ•āϰে।

Types of Tense:

The concept of time (tense) can be differentiated into three categories.

  • The present / simple present tense. (what are you presently doing )
  • The past.(What you did some time back).
  • The future. (What you will do some time later).

And all of these tenses are differentiated into the following four categories:

  • Indefinite Tense
  • Continuous Tense
  • Perfect Tense
  • Perfect Continuous Tense




Present Tense (āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻ•াāϞ)

Present Indefinite Tense:

Present indefinite tense denotes an action in the present time or habitual truth or eternal truth.

āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύে āĻšāϝ় āĻŦোāĻাāϞে āĻŦা āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏāĻ—āϤ āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে āĻŦা āϚিāϰāϏāϤ্āϝ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে Present Indefinite Tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āĻ, āĻ…, āφ, āχ, āĻ“, āĻāύ, āĻāϏ, āφāύ, āφāϝ় āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Structure:
Subject + Main Verb + Object.

Example:- āφāĻŽি āĻ­াāϤ āĻ–াāχ – I eat rice.
- āφāĻŽি āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āϝাāχ – I go to school.
- āϏে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āϝাāϝ় – He goes to school every day.
- āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦāχ āĻĒāĻĄ় – You read a book.
- āϏে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āϰাāϤ āĻĻāĻļ āϟাāϝ় āϘুāĻŽাāϤে āϝাāϝ় – He goes to bed at ten pm every day.
- āϏূāϰ্āϝ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦ āĻĻিāĻ•ে āωāĻĻিāϤ āĻšāϝ় – The sun rises in the East.
- āĻĒাāύি āĻļূāύ্āϝ āĻĄিāĻ—্āϰি āϏেāύ্āϟ্āϰিāĻ—্āϰেāĻĄে āϜāĻŽাāϟ āĻŦাāϧে – Water freezes at 0° centegrade.

Note - Subject third person singular number (he, she, it, āĻ•োāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি, āĻŦāϏ্āϤু, āϜাāϝ়āĻ—া āĻŦা āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖীāϰ āύাāĻŽ) āĻŦোāĻাāϞে verb āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে s āĻŦা es āĻŦāϏে



Present Continious Tense:

Present continious tense is used when an action is continiued or going to be continued in near future.

āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύে āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āϚāϞāĻ›ে āĻŦা āύিāĻ•āϟ āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤে āϚāϞāĻŦে āĻāϰূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে present continuous tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়া āĻŦা verb āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে āϤেāĻ›ি, āϤেāĻ›, āϤেāĻ›ে, āϤেāĻ›েāύ, āϚ্āĻ›, āϚ্āĻ›ি, āϚ্āĻ›ে, āϚ্āĻ›েāύ, āĻ›ি, āĻ›েāύ, āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Structure:
Subject + be verb (number āĻ“ person āĻ…āύুāϝাāϝ়ী āĻŦāϏāĻŦে) + verb + ing + object.

Example:- āφāĻŽি āĻ­াāϤ āĻ–াāχāϤেāĻ›ি – I am eating rice.
- āφāĻŽি āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āϝাāχāϤেāĻ›ি – I am going to school.
- āϏে āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āϝাāχāϤেāĻ›ে – He is going to school.
- āϤুāĻŽি/ āϤোāĻŽāϰা āĻŦāχ āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϤেāĻ› – You are reading book.
- āφāĻŽি āφāϜ āϰাāϤে āĻĸাāĻ•া āϝাāĻŦ – I am going to Dhaka tonight. (Near future)
- āφāĻĒāύি āĻ•ি āφāϜ āĻŦিāĻ•াāϞে āĻŽীāϟিং āĻ āφāϏāĻ›েāύ – Are you coming to the meeting this afternoon? (Near future)

Note - I āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ am āĻŦāϏāĻŦে। He, She, it āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āύ্āϝāϏāĻŦ third person singular number āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ is āĻŦāϏāĻŦে। We, you, they āĻāĻŦং Plural subject āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে are āĻŦāϏে।



Present Perfect Tense:

Present perfect tense is used when the work has been done but its effect lasts.

āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āĻļেāώ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›ে āĻ…āĻĨāϚ āϤাāϰ āĻĢāϞ āĻāĻ–āύāĻ“ āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύ āφāĻ›ে (āĻ…āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļিāϤ), āĻāϰূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে Present perfect tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āϝ়াāĻ›, āϝ়াāĻ›ে, āϝ়াāĻ›ি, āϝ়াāĻ›ে, āϝ়াāĻ›েāύ, āϝ়েāĻ›, āχāϝ়াāĻ›, āχāϝ়াāĻ›ি, āχāϝ়াāĻ›ে, āχāϝ়েāĻ›, āχāϝ়াāĻ›েāύ āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āĻŦāϏে। āĻāĻ›াāĻĄ়া āĻ•āϰিāύি, āĻ•āϰি āύাāχ, āĻ–াāχāύি, āĻ–াāχ āύাāχ, āĻŦোāĻাāϞে Present perfect tense āĻšāϝ়।

Structure:
Subject + have/has + past participle + object.

Example:- āφāĻŽি āĻ­াāϤ āĻ–াāχāϝ়াāĻ›ি – I have eaten rice.
- āφāĻŽি āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āĻ—িāϝ়েāĻ›ি – I have gone to school.
- āϏে āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āĻ—িāϝ়েāĻ›ি – He has gone to school.
- āφāĻŽি āĻ­াāϤ āĻ–াāχāύি – I have not eaten rice.
- āϤাāϰা/āϤাāĻšাāϰা āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻ•āϰিāϝ়াāĻ›ে – They have done the work.
- āϏে āϘāĻŖ্āϟাāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϘāĻŖ্āϟা āĻĒāĻĄ়েāĻ›ে – He/she has studied for hours.
- āϤাāϰা āĻāχāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ āĻ–েāϞিāϝ়াāĻ›ে - They have just played football.
- āϏে āĻāχāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ āĻ–েāϞিāϝ়াāĻ›ে – He has just played football.

Note - Subject third person singular number (he, she, it āĻ•োāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি, āĻŦāϏ্āϤু, āϜাāϝ়āĻ—া āĻŦা āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖীāϰ āύাāĻŽ) āĻŦোāĻাāϞে has āĻŦāϏāĻŦে । I, we, you, they āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āύ্āϝāϏāĻŦ plural subject āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে have āĻŦāϏāĻŦে।



Present Perfect Continuous Tense

The present perfect continuous tense is used for an action which began at some time in the past and is still continuing.

āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āφāϰāĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻšāϝ়ে āĻāĻ–āύāĻ“ āϚāϞāĻ›ে āĻāϰূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে Present perfect continuous tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āϤেāĻ›, āϤেāĻ›ি,āϤেāĻ›ে, āϤেāĻ›েāύ, āϚ্āĻ›, āϚ্āĻ›ি, āϚ্āĻ›ে, āϚ্āĻ›েāύ, āĻ›্, āĻ›ি্, āĻ›ে্, āĻ›ে্āύ āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻĨাāĻ•ে āĻāĻŦং āϤাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏāĻŽāϝ়েāϰ āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Structure:
Subject + has been/have been + main verb + ing + since/from/for + object.

Example:- āφāĻŽি āĻĻুāχ āĻĻিāύ āϧāϰে āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻ•āϰিāϤেāĻ›ি – I have been doing this work for two days.
- āϏে āĻĻুāχ āϘāĻŖ্āϟা āϝাāĻŦā§Ž āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϤেāĻ›ে – He has been reading for two hours. (āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝ়)
- āϏে āϏāĻ•াāϞ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϤেāĻ›ে– He has been reading since mourning.
- āϏে āϤিāύ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āϝাāĻŦā§Ž āĻāχ āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϤেāĻ›ে – He/She has been reading in this school for three years.
- āĻ›েāϞেāĻŦেāϞা āĻšāϤে āϏে āĻāĻ–াāύে āĻŦাāϏ āĻ•āϰিāϤেāĻ›ে – He has been living here from his boyhood.
- āĻĢাāĻšিāĻŽ āĻ—āϤ āϏোāĻŽāĻŦাāϰ āĻšāχāϤে āϜ্āĻŦāϰে āĻ­ুāĻ—িāϤেāĻ›ে – Fahim has been suffering from fever since sunday last.

Note - Subject third person singular number (he, she, it āĻ•োāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি, āĻŦāϏ্āϤু, āϜাāϝ়āĻ—া āĻŦা āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖীāϰ āύাāĻŽ) āĻŦোāĻাāϞে has been āĻŦāϏāĻŦে । I, we, you, they āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āύ্āϝāϏāĻŦ plural subject āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে have been āĻŦāϏāĻŦে।


Note - āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে since āĻŦ্āϝাāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻšāĻŦে āĻļুāϧুāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ point of time (past tense) āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে।
āĻĻিāύ āĻ•িংāĻŦা āĻŦাāϰ āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে since or from āĻšāϝ়।
āϏāĻŦ tense āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে from āĻŦ্āϝাāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āϝাāϝ়।
āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻŦেāĻļি āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে, āĻ•োāύ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ•্āϤিāĻ—āϤ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে from āĻŦ্āϝাāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻšāϝ়।
Period of time āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž āĻ•োāύ āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝ়েāϰ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤি āĻŦোāĻাāϤে for āĻŦ্āϝাāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻšāϝ়।







Past Tense (āĻ…āϤীāϤ āĻ•াāϞ)

Past Indefinite Tense:

Past Indefinite Tense is used to denote an action completed in the past or a past habit and result is not present anymore .

āĻ…āϤীāϤ āĻ•াāϞেāϰ āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āĻŦোāĻাāϤে āĻŦা āĻ…āϤীāϤেāϰ āĻ•োāύ āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏ āĻŦোāĻাāϤে, āϝাāϰ āĻĢāϞ āĻāĻ–āύ āφāϰ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝāĻŽাāύ āύেāχ āϤাāĻ•ে Past Indefinite Tense āĻŦāϞে।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āϞ, āϞাāĻŽ, āϤ, āϤাāĻŽ, āϤে, āϤেāύ āĻāĻĻেāϰ āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϝোāĻ— āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āϝেāĻŽāύ ( āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞ, āĻ•āϰিāϝ়াāĻ›িāϞ, āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ, āĻ•āϰিāϝ়াāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ, āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞে, āĻ•āϰিāϝ়া āĻ›িāϞে, āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ, āĻ•āϰিāϝ়াāĻ›িāϞেāύ, āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϞ, āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϞাāĻŽ, āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϞেāύ, āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϤ, āĻĒāϰিāϤেāύ, āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি)

Structure:
Subject + past form of main verb + object.

Example:- āφāĻŽি āĻ­াāϤ āĻ–াāχāϝ়াāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ/āĻ–েāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ – I ate rice.
- āφāĻŽি āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āĻ—েāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ/āĻ—িāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ – I went to school.
- āϏে āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āĻ—েāĻ›িāϞো/āĻ—িāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ – He went to school.
- āϤুāĻŽি/ āϤোāĻŽāϰা āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞে/āĻ•āϰিāϝ়াāĻ›িāϞে- You did the work.
- āϤাāϰ āĻ›েāϞেāĻŦেāϞা āϞāύ্āĻĄāύেāĻ•েāϟেāĻ›িāϞ – He spent his boyhood in London.
- āϞুāύা āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—াāύ āĻ—েāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ – Luna sang a song.
- āϏে āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ āĻ–েāϞেāĻ›িāϞ – He played football.

Note - Past indefinite tense āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•োāύ sentence āĻ āϝāĻĻি main verb āύা āĻĨাāĻ•ে āϤাāĻšāϞে āϏেāĻ–াāύে be verb āχ main verb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝাāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻšāĻŦে।



Past Continuous Tense:

Past continuous tense is used when the action was continued for some time in the past.

āĻ…āϤীāϤāĻ•াāϞে āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻ•্āώāĻŖ āϧāϰে āϚāϞāĻ›িāϞ āĻāϰূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে Past continuous tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āϤেāĻ›িāϞ, āϤেāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ, āϤেāĻ›িāϞে, āϤেāĻ›িāϞেāύ, āϚ্āĻ›িāϞ, āϚ্āĻ›িāϞে, āϚ্āĻ›িāϞেāύ, āĻ›িāϞ, āĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ, āĻ›িāϞে, āĻ›িāϞেāύ, āĻāĻĻেāϰ āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Structure:
Subject + was/were + main verb + ing + object.

Example:- āφāĻŽি āĻ­াāϤ āĻ–াāχāϤেāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ/āĻ–াāϚ্āĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ – I was eating rice.
- āϏে āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āϝাāχāϤেāĻ›িāϞ/āϝাāϚ্āĻ›িāϞ – He was going to school.
- āϤাāϰা āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ āĻ–েāϞিāϤেāĻ›িāϞ/āĻ–েāϞāĻ›িāϞ – They were playing football.
- āĻ—āϤāĻ•াāϞ āϏāύ্āϧাāϝ় āϏে āĻĸাāĻ•া āϝাāχāϤেāĻ›িāϞ – He was going to Dhaka last evening.
- āφāĻŽি āĻāĻ•া āĻāĻ•া āĻ—াāύ āĻ—াāχāϤেāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ – I was singing song alone.

Note - subject first person and third person singular number āĻšāϞে was āĻŦāϏāĻŦে। we, you, they āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ plural number āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে were āĻŦāϏāĻŦে।


Past Perfect Tense :

Past perfect tense is used in the former action between two completed actions of the pastsimple past is used in the later action.

āĻ…āϤীāϤ āĻ•াāϞে āĻĻুāϟি āĻ•াāϜ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāύ্āύ āĻšāϝ়ে āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϝেāϟি āφāĻ—ে āϘāϟেāĻ›িāϞ āϤা Past perfect tense āĻšāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āϝেāϟি āĻĒāϰে āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ āϤা simple past tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āĻ•োāύ āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻ…āϤীāϤ āϘāϟāύাāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে, āĻ›িāϞ, āĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ, āĻ›িāϞে, āĻ›িāϞেāύ, āϞ, āϞাāĻŽ, āϞে, āϞেāύ, āϤাāĻŽ, āϤে, āϤেāύ āĻāĻĻেāϰ āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Structure:
1st subject + had + verb āĻāϰ past participle + 2nd subject + verb āĻāϰ past form +2nd object.

Example:- āφāĻŽি āĻ­াāϤ āĻ–াāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āϏে āĻŦাāĻĄ়ি āφāϏāϞ – He had come home before I ate rice.
- āφāĻŽি āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āϝাāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āϏে āĻŽাāϰা āĻ—েāϞ – He had died before I went to school.
- āϘāĻŖ্āϟা āĻĒāĻĄ়াāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āϤাāϰা āϏ্āϟেāĻļāύে āĻĒৌঁāĻ›āϞ – They had reached the station before the bell rang.
- āĻĄাāĻ•্āϤাāϰ āφāϏিāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āϰোāĻ—ীāϟি āĻŽাāϰা āĻ—েāϞ – The patient had died before the doctor came.
- āĻĄাāĻ•্āϤাāϰ āφāϏিāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāϰে āϰোāĻ—ীāϟি āĻŽাāϰা āĻ—েāϞ – The doctor had come before the patient died.
- āĻŦিāĻ›াāύাāϝ় āĻļুāϤে āϝাāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āφāĻŽি āĻĻāϰāϜাāϟা āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻ•āϰিāϞাāĻŽ – I had shut the door before I got into bed.



Past Perfect Continuous Tense:

Past perfect continuous tense is used for an action that begun before a certain point in the past and continued up to that time.

āĻ…āϤীāϤāĻ•াāϞে āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•োāύ āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āϏāĻŽāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āφāϰāĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻšāϝ়ে āϏেāχ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āϚāϞāĻ›িāϞ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে Past perfect continuous tense āĻšāϝ়। āĻāĻ–াāύে āϝāĻĻি āĻĻুāϟি āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়া āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻĨাāĻ•ে āϤাāĻšāϞে āϝে āĻ•াāϜāϟি āφāĻ—ে āϚāϞāĻ›িāϞ āϤা Past perfect continuous tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āϤেāĻ›িāϞ, āϤেāĻ›িāϞে, āϤেāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ, āϤেāĻ›িāϞেāύ, āϚ্āĻ›িāϞ, āϚ্āĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ, āϚ্āĻ›িāϞে, āϚ্āĻ›িāϞেāύ, āĻāĻĻেāϰ āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āϤীāϤেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏāĻŽāϝ় āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āϤিāύāϟি āĻŦিāώāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻ–েāϝ়াāϞ āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻšāĻŦে –
āĻ•) āĻ…āϤীāϤāĻ•াāϞে āĻĻুāϟি āĻ•াāϜāχ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ।
āĻ–) āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āĻĒāϰāϟি āĻĒāϰে āϏংāĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ।
āĻ—) āϝেāϟি āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āϏংāĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ āϏেāϟি āĻĻীāϰ্āϘ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϧāϰে āϚāϞিāϤেāĻ›িāϞ।

Structure:
1st subject + had been + main verb + ing + 1st object + 2nd subject + verb āĻāϰ past form + 2nd object.

Example:- āϏে āϝāĻ–āύ āφāϏিāϞ āϤāĻ–āύ āφāĻŽি āĻ­াāϤ āĻ–াāχāϤেāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ – I had been eating rice when he came.
- āϘāĻŖ্āϟা āĻĒāĻĄ়াāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āφāĻŽāϰা āĻ–েāϞিāϤেāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ – We had been playing before the bell rang.
- āφāĻŽি āϝāĻ–āύ āϤাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻ—েāϞাāĻŽ āϤāĻ–āύ āϏে āĻŦāχ āĻĒāϰিāϤেāĻ›িāϞ – He had been reading book when I went to met with him/her.
- āϤুāĻŽি āϝāĻ–āύ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧুāϰ āĻŦাāĻĄ়িāϤে āĻ—িāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞে āϤāĻ–āύ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻŽা āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ…āĻĒেāĻ•্āώা āĻ•āϰিāϤেāĻ›িāϞ – Your mother had been waiting for you when you went to your friend’s home.
āϏে āϝāĻ–āύ āĻ–েāϞা āĻĻেāĻ–āĻ›িāϞ āϤāĻ–āύ āφāĻŽি āϘুāĻŽিāϤেāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ – I had been sleeping when he saw the game.







Future Tense (āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤ āĻ•াāϞ)


Future Indefinite Tense:

Future indefinite tense is used when an action will be done or will happen in future.

āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤে āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āϘāϟāĻŦে āĻāϰূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে Future indefinite tense āĻšā§Ÿ।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āĻŦে, āĻŦ, āĻŦা, āĻŦি, āĻŦেāύ āĻāĻĻেāϰ āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Structure:
Subject + shall/will + verb + object

Example:- āφāĻŽি āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻ•āϰিāĻŦ- I will/shall do the work.
- āϤাāϰা āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻ•āϰিāĻŦে- They will/shall do the work.
- āφāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়ে āϝাāĻŦ(āϝাāĻŦāχ)- I shall go to the school.
- āϏে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়ে āϝাāĻŦে(āϝাāĻŦেāχ)- He will go to the school.
- āϤাāϰা āĻŦাāϜাāϰে āϝাāχāĻŦে(āϝাāĻŦে) – They will go to the market.

Note - āϏাāϧাāϰāύāϤ 1st person āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ shall āĻŦāϏāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। āĻāĻ›াāĻĄ়া āĻ…āύ্āϝ āϏāĻŦ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে will āĻŦāϏে।



Future Continuous Tense:

Future continuous tense is used when an action is thought to be going on in the future.

āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ•াāϞে āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āϚāϞāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে āĻāϰূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে Future continuous tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ, āϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦে, āϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦা, āϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦেāύ āĻāĻĻেāϰ āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Structure:
Subject + shall be/will be + main verb + ing + object.

Example:- āφāĻŽি āĻŦāχāϟি āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ – I shall be reading the book.
- āφāĻŽি āĻ—াāύ āĻ—াāχāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ- I shall be singing the song.
- āϤাāϰা āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ āĻ–েāϞিāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦে- They will be playing football.
- āϏে āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻ•āϰিāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦে- He will be doing the work.
- āϤুāĻŽি/ āϤোāĻŽāϰা āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞে āϝাāχāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦে- they will be going to school.
- āϤিāύি āĻ…āĻĢিāϏে āϝাāχāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦেāύ- He will be going to office.



Future Perfect Tense :

Future perfect tense is used to indicate the completion of an action by a certain time in the future.

āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ•াāϞে āĻ•োāύ āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝ়েāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āĻšāϝ়ে āϝাāĻŦে āĻŦোāĻাāϞে āĻŦা āĻĻুāϟি āĻ•াāϜেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻ•āϟি āφāĻ—ে āĻšāĻŦে āĻŦোāĻাāϞে Future perfect tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ•াāϞেāϰ āĻĻুāϟি āĻ•াāϜেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϝে āĻ•াāϜāϟি āφāĻ—ে āĻšāĻŦে āϤা Future perfect tense āĻšāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāϰেāϰāϟা simple present tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āϝ়া āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ, āϝ়া āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦা, āϝ়া āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦে, āϝ়া āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦেāύ, āĻāĻĻেāϰ āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϝোāĻ— āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে Future perfect tense āĻšāϝ়।

Structure:
1st subject + shall have/will have + verb āĻāϰ past participle + 1st object + before + 2nd subject + main verb + 2nd object.

Example:- āĻŦাāĻŦা āφāϏাāϰ āφāĻ—ে āφāĻŽি āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻ•āϰিāϝ়া āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ - I shall have done the work before my father comes.
- āφāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻ•াāϞ āϚাāϰāϟাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻŦāχāϟি āĻĒāĻĄ়িāϝ়া āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ – I shall have finished reading the book by 4. P. m.
- āϤুāĻŽি āϝাāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āφāĻŽি āĻ—াāύ āĻ—াāχāϝ়া āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ- I shall have sang a song before you leave.
- āϤাāϰা āφāϏাāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āφāĻŽি āĻĒāϰা āĻļেāώ āĻ•āϰিāĻŦ – I shall have finished my lesson before they come.



Future Perfect Continuous Tense:

Future perfect tense is used when an action will have been continuing by a certain future time.

āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ•াāϞে āĻ•োāύ āϏāĻŽāϝ়েāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻ•াāϜ āϚāϞāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে āĻāϰূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāϞে future perfect tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ•াāϞে āĻĻুāϟি āĻ•াāϜেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϝে āĻ•াāϜāϟি āφāĻ—ে āϚāϞāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে āϤা future perfect tense āĻšāϝ় āϝে āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻĒāϰে āĻšāĻŦে āϤা simple present tense āĻšāϝ়।

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϚিāύাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ়:
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻļেāώে āϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ, āϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦে, āϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦা, āϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦেāύ āĻāĻĻেāϰ āϝে āĻ•োāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Structure:
Subject – 1st subject + shall have been/will have been + main verb + ing + 1st object + 2nd subject + main verb + 2nd object.

Example:- āϤুāĻŽি āĻĢিāϰে āύা āφāϏা āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āφāĻŽāϰা āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ…āĻĒেāĻ•্āώা āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦ- we shall have been waiting for you until you come back.
- āĻŦাāĻŦা āφāϏাāϰ āφāĻ—ে āφāĻŽি āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻ•āϰিāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ- I shall have been doing the work before my father comes.
- āϤাāϰা āφāϏাāϰ āφāĻ—ে āφāĻŽি āĻ–েāϞিāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ- I shall have been playing before they come.
- āϏে āĻĄিāĻ—্āϰি āĻĒাāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āϚাāϰ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻĸাāĻ•া āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়ে āĻĒāĻĄ়āϤে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে – he will have been studying at Dhaka university for four years before he gets degree.


https://english-grammarblog.blogspot.com/2022/03/all-about-completing-sentences.html
https://english-grammarblog.blogspot.com/2020/12/rules-of-changing-voice-active-to-passive.html
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Article 

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Preposition 

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Phrase 

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Completing Sentence 

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Right Form of Verbs 

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Tag Questions

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Transformation of Sentences 

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Speech / Narration 

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Pronoun Reference

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Modifier

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Linking Words or Connectors 

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Synonyms / Antonyms

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Punctuation 

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❒ English Vocabulary Course 💓
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☛ For the successful completion of this course, you will have to do two things —

 You must study the day-to-day course (study) material. 
❷ Participate in the MCQs/Quizzes in the telegram Channel.  Join

◉ Click to open 👇 the study materials.

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