Cottage industries

[Points: What they are our need of them—advantages—cottage industries of India—future prospects.]

Cottage industries are small scale industries conducted mostly by a handful of men in or near their own homes. India has the second largest population in the world, but her agriculture and industry are still undeveloped. So, a very large number of our people have to go without any employment. That is a great national wastage. Besides, this huge mass of discontented people are source of great trouble and danger to the society. How to reduce their number by providing them with some means of livelihood? India is a poor country. So it is not possible for her to start a sufficient number of big industries to absorb these unemployed persons. The only alternative is cottage industries.

Many are the advantages of such industries. They do not require much money and can be carried on even at home or near-about; and the members of a family are sufficient to work in a particular cottage industry. The peasants of our country have several months off-season every year. Cottage industries will keep them engaged and get them some income during this time. They will also bring back life and activity into the villages and stop the drift to towns. They will save the people from the evil effects of large scale industries where man is almost a slave to machine and the atmosphere is positively harmful. In fact, thinking men in many countries have opposed big industries because of their evil effects, and supported cottage industries in their stead.

India was once famous for a few things. The muslin of Dacca, (now in Bangladesh) the silk of Murshidabad, Banaras and Mysore, the shawls and wool-works of Kashmir, the silver-vorks of South India were among the wonders of the world; and they were all products of cottage industries. Some of these exist yet, though in lesser glory. We have many other cottage industries such as, handloom industry, pottery, machine-tool, manufacture, ivory-works. These may prosper and win back the glory and prosperity of the country with government help and public support. In fact, Japan has shown how important cottage industries can be for the development of a country. Happily for us, our Government too have become aware of their importance and are trying to revive them.

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