PRESENT SIMPLE
USE: We use PRESENT
SIMPLE to talk about:
1) Permanent Situations: An action or a situation is generally or
permanently true.
Example:
- We are English teachers at International
School.
- Bopha lives in Cambodia.
- They have a lot of friends in the class.
2)
Routines:
An action or something which we do regularly.
Example:
- Ratha always gets up at 5.30 and does
exercises every morning.
- He goes to school by bicycle everyday.
- When he has free time, he plays football
with his friends.
3)
Facts:
Something which is in scientific.
Example:
- The earth moves round the sun.
- Spiders have eight legs.
- Aspirin is a medicine used to relieve
headache.
4)
Programs and Timetables:
Something which is already prepared and organized with definite time expression
in the schedule for the future action.
Example:
- The train to Sihanouk Ville leaves at
7.30 and gets in to the station at 10.30.
- The call in program starts at 8.25.
- My work starts at 7:00 a.m. and finishes
at 5:00 p.m.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence1:
|
Subject
+ bare infinitive + (object/complement)
|
Example:
- She cries.
- All Cambodian people are very friendly.
- Children eat ice-cream.
Positive Sentence1:
|
Sub +
modal verb + bare infinitive + (obj/comp)
|
Example:
- They can listen in English.
- You should study hard.
Negative Sentence1:
|
Sub + be + not +
obj/comp
|
Example:
- We are not students.
- That man is not happy.
Negative Sentence2:
|
Sub + modal verb
+ not + bare infinitive + (obj/comp)
|
Example:
- It may not rain.
- Students should not do bad things.
- You cannot be happy.
Negative Sentence3:
|
Sub +
do/does + not + normal verb + (obj/comp)
|
Example:
- They do not laugh.
- Dara does not drink beer.
- Many people do not get up late.
Question1:
|
Be +
Sub + obj/comp ?
|
Example:
- Is Chenda a businesswoman?
- Are your students clever?
Question2:
|
Modal
verb + sub + bare infinitive + (obj/comp) ?
|
Example:
- Should you smile?
- Can Sitha speak English?
- May you move away from here?
Question3:
|
Do/Does
+ sub + bare infinitive + (obj/comp) ?
|
Example:
- Do people have to marry?
- Does John teach English?
- Do you feel exhausted?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
USE: We use PRESENT
CONTINUOS to talk about:
1)
Moment of Speaking:
An activity that is taking place right now.
Example:
- They are reading newspaper.
- She is writing a letter to her friend.
- I am listening to the radio.
2)
Temporary Situation:
An action which is occurring temporarily or around now.
Example:
- John is staying in Cambodia.
- I am studying at Phnom Penh
International University.
- Dara and Kanitha are building a new
house.
3)
Future Plan:
An action that we have already arranged to do in the future.
Example:
- I am flying to the USA this afternoon.
- Kanha is visiting her homeland next
week.
- They are having a party tonight.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence:
|
Subject + be +
verb-ing + (object/complement)
|
Example:
- I am laughing.
- He is speaking English.
- We are feeling bored.
Negative Sentence:
|
Sub + be + not +
verb-ing + (obj/comp)
|
Example:
- The car is not running properly.
- They are not sleeping.
- I am not going to the market.
Question:
|
Be + sub +
verb-ing + (obj/comp) ?
|
Example:
- Am I listening to music?
- Is that man talking to Jame?
- Are those people playing sport?
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
USE: We use PRESENT
PERFECT SIMPLE to talk about:
1) The action which has happened in the past and continue
until now.
Example:
- I have learned English for three years.
- He has become a doctor since 2009.
- Jame has stopped working for two years
until now.
2) The action that happened in the past,
but the result is in present.
Example:
- We have built a house for our children.
- Michael has written a letter to his
friend in Cambodia.
- I have made a company.
3) The action which has just finished at
the moment of speaking (recent past action).
Example:
- John has just arrived home this morning.
- We have eaten rice at the moment.
- They have just finished work now.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence:
|
Subject +
have/has + past participle + object/complement
|
Example:
- They have gone home now.
- A lot of people have moved their houses.
- Jany has arranged his office today.
Negative Sentence:
|
Sub + have/has +
not + past participle + obj/comp
|
Example:
- They have not been in Cambodia.
- The global economy has not recovered
yet.
- The environment problems have not
completely solved.
Question:
|
Have/Has + sub +
past participle + obj/comp ?
|
Example:
- Has she gotten married?
- Have you changed your work?
- Have you heard the information about our
friends?
PRESENT PERFECT
CONINUOUS
USE: We use PRESENT
PERFECT CONTINUOUS to talk about:
1) Something which started in the past and
has been in progress up to the present.
Example:
- We have been working all day.
- They have been waiting for an hours.
- John has been living in Cambodia for
over two years now.
2) An action has been in progress up to
the recent past, especially when the action has results in the present.
Example:
- It’s been raining.
- Nancy looks well. She has been
exercising a lot to lose weight.
- “Haven’t seen anything of Jimy for a
while”. “No, he has been working in USA”.
3) Repeated actions or situations in a
period up to the present or the recent past.
Example:
- I have been driving license for a year.
- They have been living in China for 5
years.
- Dany has been working NIS for seven
months.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence:
|
Subject +
have/has + been + verb-ing + obj/comp
|
Example:
- He has been watching TV all day.
- I have been looking for you for an hour.
- We have been studying English since
2008.
Negative Sentence:
|
Sub + have/has +
not + been + verb-ing + obj/Comp
|
Example:
- Nara has not been feeling very well
recently.
- They have not been working hard these
days.
- We have not been finding out our money.
Question:
|
Have/Has + sub +
been + verb-ing + obj/comp ?
|
Example:
- How long has it been snowing?
- How long have you living in Cambodia?
- What have you been doing at the moment?
