FUTURE SIMPLE
USE: We use FUTURE SIMPLE to talk about an action or a situation which will be true or will happen in the future time.
Example:
- The global economy will be better soon.
- The Earth will become hotter and hotter.
- I will call you tomorrow.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence:
|
Subject + will/shall + infinitive + object/complement |
Example:
- The announcement will release tomorrow on the newspaper.
- We shall meet each other at the restaurant near my place.
- They will paint their house with new color.
Negative Sentence:
|
Sub + will/shall + not + infinitive + obj/comp |
Example:
- The police will not arrest non-mistake people.
- It will not have heavy rain tonight.
- Foreign government shall not supply food to the refugees next week.
Contractions:
will not = won’t
shall not = shan’t
Question:
|
Will/Shall + sub + infinitive + obj/comp ? |
Example:
- Shall we meet at 2:00 this afternoon?
- Will you fly to Canada this evening?
- What shall I wear to the party tonight?
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
USE: We use FUTURE CONTINUOUS to talk about:
1) An activity or event going on at a particular time or over a particular period in the future.
Example:
- Next Friday, the President will be celebrating ten years in power.
- The plane will be traveling at the speed of sound when it passes overhead.
- I will be saying more about that topic in my next lecture.
2) A future activity or event is the result of a previous decision or arrangement.
Example:
- He will be taking up his place at university in January. (the result of a previous decision)
- She will be performing every day until the end of the month. (part of a schedule)
- We will be going to my brother’s house again for Christmas. (we always go there)
FORMULA
Positive Sentence:
|
Subject + will/shall + be + verb-ing + object/complement |
Example:
- We will be leaving for England at 7:30 in the morning.
- I will be seeing Tony on Wednesday.
- They will be going on holiday with many friends next month.
Negative Sentence:
|
Sub + will/shall + not + be + verb-ing + obj/comp |
Example:
- After operation you will not be doing any sport for a while.
- The prime minister will not be giving a press conference at the next section.
- The government will not be confronting the house problem in the inner cities next time.
Question:
|
Will/Shall + sub + be + verb-ing + obj/comp ? |
Example:
- What will you be doing this time next week?
- Will Jimy be going out this morning?
- Shall we be using our camera at the next weekend?
FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE
USE: We use FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE to talk about something that will be ended, completed, or achieved by a particular point (certain time) in the future.
Example:
- By the time you get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.
- Let’s hope the volcanic eruption will have finished before we arrive on the island.
- The film will have already started by the time we get to the cinema.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence:
|
Subject + will/shall + have + past participle + object/Complement |
Example:
- I will have graduated in June.
- Johny will have finished breakfast by 7:00.
- They will have worked here for a year next summer.
Negative Sentence:
|
Sub + will/shall + not + have + past participle + obj/comp |
Example:
- By next week, she will not have paid a formal visit to US for a month.
- We will not have attracted the potential investor for 10 years by early next year.
- I will not have ruined the building for a week by next Sunday.
Question:
|
Will/Shall + sub + have + past participle + obj/comp ? |
Example:
- Will they have addicted to the drug for a year by next month?
- Will you have invested in trading field in Cambodia for years by next month?
- Will the UK have refused to recognize the new regime for 2 years by 2005?
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
USE: We use the FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS to emphasize how long (duration) something has been going on by a particular point in the future.
Example:
- On Monday, they will have been living in this house for a year.
- Next year she will have been working in the company for 10 years.
- I will have been sleeping for two hours by the time Chenda gets home.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence:
|
Subject + will/shall + have + been + verb-ing + object/Complement |
Example:
- Jonson will have been watching TV for an hour tomorrow.
- Next week, I will have been looking for a job for one year.
- On Saturday, Alan will have been going to visit Angkor Wat for a month.
Negative Sentence:
|
Sub + will/shall + not + have + been + verb-ing + obj/comp |
Example:
- Next month, Cambodian people will not have been cultivating in this land for 10 years.
- By 5:00 p.m., people will not have been harvesting in the field for a full day.
- Next week, they will not have been providing people with fertilizer and seeds for a year.
Question:
|
Will/Shall + sub + have + been + verb-ing + obj/comp ? |
Example:
- Next year, will you have been working for the private company for 3 years?
- By next month, will the boss have been holding his position for 6 years?
- On June 24, will she have been keeping in touch with him for 7 months?
WILL AND BE GOING TO
WILL is used to talk about:
1) An offer or willingness.
Example:
- I will give you gift tomorrow.
- Don’t be scared! I will be here with until the sun rises.
2) Asking and ordering somebody to do something in the future.
Example:
- Will you be quiet?
- Will you send me some money?
3) Future fact—the action is sure to occur in the future.
Example:
- She will win the beauty contest next week.
- French will lose the football match in the last round.
4) Prediction in the future without evidence.
Example:
- I think it will rain this evening.
- The traffic accidence will take place this morning.
5) Something we decided to do at the moment of speaking.
Example:
A: This box is too heavy!
B: Don’t worry! I will help you.
BE GOING TO is used to talk about:
1) Prediction in the future with evidence.
Example:
- Look! The sky is full of dark clouds. It is going to rain now.
- The battery of this computer is too low. It is going to run out of the electricity now.
2) Something we have already decided to do. (Future plan or arrangement)
Example:
A: What is your purpose to Cambodia?
B: I’m going to visit Angkor Wat.
NOTE: When we talk about things which we have already arranged to do or planned to do in the future, we can use the Present Continuous in stead of Be Going To.
Example:
- I’m having dinner with Zosie at Paramoun Restaurant.
- I’m going to have dinner with Zosie at Paramoun Restaurant.
